The Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) model is a widely used preclinical tool that replicates ischemic stroke in humans, making it ideal for preclinical studies.
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Stroke is a major public health issue, ranking as second cause of death worldwide and first cause of handicap in adults. Major improvements have been achieved in the acute phase management of ischemic stroke, firstly by expanding the use of thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator in the extended 4.5 h time-window. Secondly, a remarkable efficacy of endovascular clot removal within 7.3 h from symptom onset was recently demonstrated.
Ischemic stroke is the result of a permanent or transient occlusion of a major brain artery or one of its branches; hence it is a cerebrovascular disease. Neuroprotection approaches as well as altered the physiology of glial, the vascular compartment were involved in delayed damage and brain repair mechanisms.
The Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) model is a widely used preclinical model that replicates ischemic stroke in humans, typically induced using the intraluminal suture (filament) method, where a nylon or silicone-coated filament is inserted through the carotid artery to occlude the middle cerebral artery, mimicking ischemic conditions with high reproducibility and clinical relevance.
Infarct volumes and functional outcomes 24 hours after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. (A) access point of MCAO Monofilaments. (B, C) Representative TTC staining of 3 corresponding coronal brain sections. (D). Modified neurological severity scores of 24 hours after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM, compared with G1, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001.
